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Highland Boundary Fault
The Highland Boundary Fault is a major fault zone〔Tanner, G. (2008). Tectonic significance of the Highland Boundary Fault, Scotland. Journal of the Geological Society, 165, p. 915. doi:10.1144/0016-76492008-012. Date retrieved: 2012-02-15.〕 that traverses Scotland from Arran and Helensburgh on the west coast to Stonehaven in the east. It separates two distinctly different physiographic and geological terrains: the Highlands from the Lowlands, and in most places it is recognisable as a change in topography. Where rivers cross the fault, they often pass through gorges, and the associated waterfalls can be a barrier to salmon migration.
The fault is believed to have formed in conjunction with the Strathmore Syncline to the south-east during the Acadian orogeny in a transpressive regime that caused the uplift of the Grampian block and a small sinistral movement on the Highland Boundary Fault.〔Scottish Geology (2008). Loch Lomond: Highland Boundary Fault, http://web.archive.org/web/20110725172821/http://www.scottishgeology.com/outandabout/classic_sites/locations/loch_lomond_fault.html archived from the original http://www.scottishgeology.com/outandabout/classic_sites/locations/loch_lomond_fault.html on 25 July 2011〕〔Gazetter for Scotland (2011). Highland Boundary Fault, http://www.scottish-places.info/features/featurefirst7728.html. Date retrieved: 2006-12-13.〕
== Discovery==
One of the earliest and most prominent references to the Highland Boundary Fault was by George Barrow in 1912, ʻOn the Geology of Lower Dee-side and the Southern Highland Borderʼ, which highlights the nature of the rocks accompanying the Highland Border and describes the outlining mineral zones associated with metamorphism.〔Barrow, G. (1912). (On the Geology of Lower Dee-side and the Southern Highland Border ). Proceedings of the Geologists' Association,Volume 23, Issue 5, page 268-273. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(12)80018-6 Date retrieved: 2012-09-29.〕 In the same publication, Barrow also outlines the ʻHighland Faultʼ and the areas where he believes there are planes of overthrust. Barrowʼs description of the structural nature of the rocks along the Highland Border suggests that rocks along both ends of the fault plane are indistinguishable from one another, with no brecciation.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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